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Aim: The purpose of this review is to describe the use and definitions of the concepts of nurse-patient interaction and nurse-patient communication in nursing literature. Furthermore, empirical findings of nurse-patient communication research will be presented, and applied theories will be shown. Method: An integrative literature search was executed. The total number of relevant citations found was 97. The search results were reviewed, and key points were extracted in a standardized form. Extracts were then qualitatively summarized according to relevant aspects and categories for the review. Results: The relation of interaction and communication is not clearly defined in nursing literature. Often the terms are used interchangeably or synonymously, and a clear theoretical definition is avoided or rather implicit. Symbolic interactionism and classic sender-receiver models were by far the most referred to models. Compared to the use of theories of adjacent sciences, the use of original nursing theories related to communication is rather infrequent. The articles that try to clarify the relation of both concepts see communication as a special or subtype of interaction. Conclusion: The included citations all conclude that communication skills can be learned to a certain degree. Involvement of patients and their role in communication often is neglected by authors. Considering the mutual nature of communication, patients' share in conversation should be taken more into consideration than it has been until now. Nursing science has to integrate its own theories of nursing care with theories of communication and interaction from other scientific disciplines like sociology.

Rebecca Clark, LDI Senior Fellow and Assistant Professor at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, has been selected for a Betty Irene Moore Fellowship for Nurse Leaders and Innovators that provides $500,000 for a three-year research project focused on improving communications within maternity medicine teams. "It was such a great and amazing surprise," said […]

Introduction: In the northern part of Belgium, 21,518 of 129,021 disabled patients (DP) were waiting to receive residential care. Due to waiting lists for DP, Belgian government promotes a shift towards primary care. This shift results in specific needs for primary care professionals (general practitioners, primary care nurses [PCN] and informal caregivers). The objective of this research was to detect nursing care, communication and educational needs of PCN to treat their DP and their informal caregivers. Methods: A questionnaire was constructed by a multidisciplinary team of primary care professionals (4 general practitioners and 20 PCN) in different consensus meetings. Disabilities are defined as physical and/or intellectual impairment. The questionnaire was sent electronically to participants. Analysis is performed using SPSS 22.0. Results: 1547 questionnaires were mailed, 617 PCN responded (response rate = 40%). PCN are delivering care to 16 patients (+/-10) of which 5 DP (+/-6). 408 PCN have contact with at least half of informal caregivers. Most PCN (n = 582) report overburdening of informal caregivers due to an overload of tasks (72%). Personal hygiene and administering medication are most frequent administered care. Communication with DP and primary health care professionals is evaluated as very good. Most reported educational needs are dealing with behavioral problems (84%), functional loss (84%) and acquired brain injury (74%). There is no significant difference in educational needs of PCN nursing exclusively at home versus at least in residential care facilities. Conclusion: PCN prefer education on dealing with behavioral problems, which corresponds to previous studies. An educational program can be designed to ensure PCN have necessary skills to ensure high quality care for DP and a reduced overburdening of informal caregivers.

Inefficiencies in transitions in care impact the flow of patients from the emergency department to other units. Nurses' perceptions of patient transitions may provide valuable information to identify gaps in patient flow. This article reports findings from a cross-sectional study using the Hospital Survey on Culture of Transitions in Patient Care (H-CulT). The study aim was to describe nurse perceptions of patient transitions, and compare throughput metrics and nurse demographic characteristics. Linear regression models were used to evaluate nurses' perceptions related to demographics and throughput metrics. Alpha was 0.05. Of 148 surveys, 53.4% of respondents were white, 68.2% were non-Hispanic, and 82.4% were female. H-CulT subscale scores for Busy Workload, Unit Leadership, and Priority of Patient Care were higher for nurse managers compared to clinical nurses, revealing the importance of nurses' perceptions in these areas and an opportunity to engage clinical nurses in patient transitions.

Quality of care is of paramount importance to both patients and nurses. This article examines how the existing patient/nurse partnership is the result of a variety of clinical, political, and organisational power paradigm shifts over time. The significance of this partnership on the quality of care, particularly in terms of the necessary power base required, is then considered. Next the education, health care systems, and diversity issues found in the UK and the US are compared and contrasted. The conclusion focuses on a transatlantic vision for the future in the consolidation of the patient/nurse transaction for the achievement of negotiated, competent, compassionate care and as a continuing force for quality at policy, strategic, and operational levels.

The focus of this research study was the exploration of the phenomenon of stigmatization of obese persons by nurses. The philosophical tradition of Phenomenology based on Heidegger's view of the person guided the researchers in uncovering the meaning of stigmatization for eight chronically ill individuals with a body mass index greater than 30. Stigmatization by nurses for this group of medically obese women meant being exposed to unintentional harm, presuppositions, and reluctant care. Perceptions of stigma were manifested in shame, marginalization, and anxiety in seeking health care. Nursing care could advance positive outcomes when including non-discriminatory care related to weight in the total care needs identified for obese patients.

The word "relationship" has for some time now become, in the nursing profession at least, one of those terms which, due to its indiscriminate use, has lost any specific meaning and has come to be just another colourless expression endowed with whatever meaning the user may choose to give it. It may be bandied about as a weapon or as a form of justification, and the emotional content with which it is loaded simply helps to aggravate mutual misunderstanding and to stress ideological differences.

There is a lack of consensus about the staffing matrix across nursing and especially in emergency nursing, where variations in arrival patterns, acuity, social determinants of health, and length of stay all impact the workload of emergency nurses. The objective of this paper was to determine if government-mandated staffing ratios had a greater impact on patient experience at hospitals in California than staffing based on hours per patient visit at hospitals in Massachusetts. Seven hospitals from the state of California with government-mandated nurse-to-patient ratios were compared to 7 hospitals from Massachusetts that did not have mandated staffing ratios to determine if there was any significant difference in patient experience. There was no significant difference between the chosen hospitals when comparing door-to-provider time, door-to- disposition time, left-without-being-seen rates, and Press Ganey likelihood-to-recommend scores. Determining a staffing matrix is difficult, and California law sets rigid patient-to-nurse ratios that evidence does not support. The exact science of determining the correct ratio of nurses to patients in the emergency department should be evaluated by experts in the field of emergency nursing and should not be left to the government. A direct correlation between government- mandated ratios and nurse-sensitive outcomes could not be determined.

This study investigated the relationships between seven workload factors and patient and nurse outcomes. (1) Background: Health systems researchers are beginning to address nurses' workload demands at different unit, job and task levels; and the types of administrative interventions needed for specific workload demands. (2) Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlational study of 472 acute care nurses from British Columbia, Canada. The workload factors included nurse reports of unit-level RN staffing levels and patient acuity and patient dependency; job-level nurse perceptions of heavy workloads, nursing tasks left undone and compromised standards; and task-level interruptions to work flow. Patient outcomes were nurse-reported frequencies of medication errors, patient falls and urinary tract infections; and nurse outcomes were emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction. (3) Results: Job-level perceptions of heavy workloads and task-level interruptions had significant direct effects on patient and nurse outcomes. Tasks left undone mediated the relationships between heavy workloads and nurse and patient outcomes; and between interruptions and nurse and patient outcomes. Compromised professional nursing standards mediated the relationships between heavy workloads and nurse outcomes; and between interruptions and nurse outcomes. (4) Conclusion: Administrators should work collaboratively with nurses to identify work environment strategies that ameliorate workload demands at different levels.

This study investigated the various forms of risk communication among doctors nurses and patients in the healthcare delivery at the Kenema Government Hospital KGH. The main objectives of this research were to identify the forms of risk communication among doctors nurses and patients assess the level of awareness of and involvement in the various forms of risk communication identify the channels of risk communication and the impact of risk communication on the healthcare delivery in the study area. In order to collect relevant data and information from the various sources a number of data collection and analysis tools and techniques were employed. These included the use of survey tools such as questionnaires and focus group discussions that targeted target groups of respondents that included medical doctors nurses healthcare givers and patients. Data were analysed and presented using tables and graphs. Research findings indicated that the healthcare services at the Kenema Government Hospital were characterised by deceptive diagnosis of test results inattentive application of intravenous injections misreading of prescriptions rampant self-treatments by patients without prior knowledge of healthcare providers. Shortage of human resource poverty and the fact that Sierra Leoneans were considered non-nationalistic were found to be major causes of risk communication in healthcare delivery. Also errors were seen as the main reasons for deformation and untimely deaths at the Kenema Government Hospital. To improve on the current forms of risk communication at the Kenema Government Hospital Government of Sierra Leone should endeavour to minimize absolute poverty and close the gap of income inequalities among Sierra Leoneans. Additionally the Government of Sierra Leone GoSL should expand educational opportunities in terms of human resource development recruit staff with the right knowledge skills and aptitudes. On their part Sierra Leoneans should inculcate the spirit of nationalism and love towards their fellow Sierra ...

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess the level of nurses' competencies while providing care to COVID-19 patients.


Design/methodology/approach
A descriptive, correlational design was used to collect data from nurses who were providing care to COVID-19 patients at four public hospitals.


Findings
A total of 377 nurses (64.5% females) aged 23–50 consented to participate and completed the survey. The mean score of nurses' competencies in providing care to COVID-19 patients was 2.5 (SD = 0.81). The results of correlation coefficient tests disclosed a significant positive correlation between reported competence level and sex rpb (377) = 0.18, p < 0.01; working area rpb (377) = 0.2, p < 0.01; disaster experience rpb (377) = 0.16, p < 0.01; disaster education rpb (377) = 0.25, p < 0.01; and disaster training rpb (377) = 0.31, p < 0.01.


Research limitations/implications
The COVID-19 pandemic response heavily relied on nurses. However, they had a gap in clinical competencies that indicates an urgent need to incorporate disaster management courses in basic nursing education and to update training in hospitals based on nurses' needs to improve their capabilities in dealing with COVID-19 pandemic.


Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that investigated the perceived level of Jordanian nurses' competencies in providing care to COVID-19.